The preferences dialog can be accessed from the Toolbox menu, as
File → Preferences.
It lets you customize many aspects of the way
GIMP works. The following sections detail the settings that you
can customize, and what they affect. This information applies
specifically to Gimp 2.2, but the settings for Gimp 2.0 are
similar enough that you should be able to understand them
based on the explanations here.
All of the Preferences information is stored in a file called
gimprc in your personal GIMP directory, so
if you are a "power user" who would rather work with a text
editor than a graphical interface, you can alter preferences by
editing that file. If you do, and you are on a Linux system,
then man gimprc will give you a lot of
technical information about the contents of the file and what
they are used for.
5.2.2.
New Image Preferences
Figure 9.50.
New Image Preferences
This tab lets you customize the default settings for the New Image
dialog. See the
New Image Dialog section
for an explanation of what each of the values means.
5.2.3.
Default Image Grid
Figure 9.51.
Default Grid Preferences
This page lets you customize the default properties of GIMP's grid,
which can be toggled on or off using
View → Show Grid
from the image menu. The settings here match those in the
Configure Image Grid dialog, which can be used to reconfigure the
grid for an existing image, by choosing
Image → Configure Grid
from the image menu. See the Configure Grid
dialog section for information on the meaning of each of
the settings.
5.2.4.
Interface
Figure 9.52.
Assorted Interface Preferences
This page lets you customize layer/channel previews and
keyboard shortcuts.
Options
Previews
By default, GIMP shows miniature previews of the contents of
layers and channels in several places, including the Layers
dialog. If for some reason you would prefer to disable
these, you can do it by unchecking "Enable layer and channel
previews". If you do want previews to be shown, you can
customize their sizes using the menus for "Default layer and
channel preview size" and "Navigation preview size".
Keyboard Shortcuts
Any menu item can be activated by holding down
Alt and pressing a sequence of keys.
Normally, the key associated with each menu entry is shown
as an underlined letter in the text, called
accelerator. If for some reason you
would prefer the underlines to go away (maybe because you
think they're ugly and you don't use them anyway), then you
can make this happen by unchecking "Show menu mnemonics".
GIMP can give you the ability to create keyboard shortcuts
(key combinations that activate a menu entry) dynamically,
by pressing the keys while the pointer hovers over the
desired menu entry. However, this capability is disabled by
default, because it might lead novice users to accidentally
overwrite the standard keyboard shortcuts. If you want to
enable it, check "Use dynamics keyboard shortcuts" here.
Pressing the button for "Configure Keyboard Shortcuts"
brings up the Shortcut Editor, which gives you a graphical
interface to select menu items and assign shortcuts to them.
If you change shortcuts, you will probably want your changes
to continue to apply in future GIMP sessions. If not,
uncheck "Save keyboard shortcuts on exit". But remember
that you have done this, or you may be frustrated later. If
you don't want to save shortcuts on exit every session, you
can save the current settings at any time using the "Save
Keyboard Shortcuts Now" button, and they will be applied to
future sessions. If you decide that you have made some bad
decisions concerning shortcuts, you can reset them to their
original state by pressing "Reset Saved Keyboard Shortcuts
to Default Values".
5.2.5.
Theme
Figure 9.53.
Theme Preference
This page lets you select a theme, which determines many aspects of
the appearance of the GIMP user interface, including the set of
icons used, their sizes, fonts, spacing allowed in dialogs, etc.
Two themes are supplied with GIMP: Default,
which is probably best for most people, and
Small, which may be preferable for those with
small or low-resolution monitors. Clicking on a theme in the list
causes it to be applied immediately, so it is easy to see the result
and change your mind if you don't like it.
You can also use custom themes, either by downloading them from the
net, or by copying one of the supplied themes and modifying it.
Custom themes should be places in the themes
subdirectory of your personal GIMP directory: if they are, they
will appear in the list here. Each theme is actually a directory
containing ASCII files that you can edit. They are pretty
complicated, and the meaning of the contents goes beyond the scope
of this documentation, but you should feel free to experiment: in
the worst case, if you mess things up completely, you can always
revert back to one of the supplied themes.
You cannot edit the supplied themes unless you have administrator
permissions, and even if you do, you shouldn't: if you want to
customize a theme, make a copy in your personal directory and work
on it. If you make a change and would like to see the result "on
the fly", you can do so by saving the edited theme file and then
pressing Reload Current Theme.
5.2.6.
Help System
Figure 9.54.
Help System Preferences (Linux Screenshot)
This page lets you customize the behaviour of the
gimp help system.
5.2.6.1. Options
General
Show tool tips
Tool tips are small text bubbles that appear when the
pointer hovers for a moment over some element of the
interface, such as a button or icon. Sometimes they explain
what the element does; sometimes they give you hints about
non-obvious ways to use it. If you find them too
distracting, you can disable them here by unchecking this
option. We recommend that you leave them enabled unless you
are a very advanced user.
[GIMP 2.0] "F1" shows context-dependent help
In GIMP 2.0, this options controls whether pressing the "F1" key
will evoke Help information for the object in which the mouse
pointer is currently located. GIMP 2.2 no longer gives you the
ability to disable this function.
Show tips on startup
Startup tips are helpful hints that appear each time you
start GIMP. You can switch them on or off here. If you
have switched them off by unchecking "Show tip next time
GIMP starts" in the tip window, you can switch them back on
by checking here. Whatever you decide to do, at some point
you should take the time to go through the list of tips:
they are considered to be very useful, and the things they
tell you are not easy to discover by experimenting. If you
prefer, you can read them at any time by choosing
Help → Tip of the Day
in the Toolbox menu.
Help Browser
Help browser to use
GIMP Help is supplied in the form of HTML files, i. e.,
web pages. You can view them using either a special help
browser that comes with GIMP, or a web browser of your
choice. Here you choose which option to use. Because the
help pages were carefully checked to make sure they work
well with GIMP's browser, whereas other web browsers are
somewhat variable in their support of features, the safer
option is to use the internal browser; but really any
modern web browser should be okay.
Note
Note that the help browser is not available on all
platforms. If it is missing, the web-browser will be used
to allow access to the help pages.
Web Browser
Web browser to use
If you selected "Internal" for the Help browser, this
option has no effect. If you selected "Web browser", you
can decide here which browser to use, and how to invoke
it, by entering the command that will be used to run the
browser. The button to the right brings up a file
selector, which you can use to locate the executable file
for the browser if you like, but in most cases it is
probably easier to enter a command by hand.
Note
In Windows, the system-wide configured default
web-browser will be used. The input field described here
is not available on this platform.
5.2.7.
Tool Options
Figure 9.55.
Tool Options Preferences
This page lets you customize several aspects of the behavior of
tools.
5.2.7.1. Options
Guide and Grid Snapping
Snap distance
"Snapping" to guides, or to an image grid, means that when a
tool is applied by clicking somewhere on the image display,
if the clicked point is near enough to a guide or grid, it
is shifted exactly onto the guide or grid. Snapping to
guides can be toggled using
View → Snap to Guides
in the image menu; and if the grid is switched on, snapping
to it can be toggled using
View → Snap to Grid. This preference option determines how close a
clicked point must be to a guide or grid in order to be
snapped onto it, in pixels.
Finding Contiguous Regions
Default threshold
The "magic wand" tool creates selections that consist of
contiguous regions, i. e., regions that are not divided by
swaths of open space. This option determines how near
each other two pixels need to be in order to be considered
contiguous.
Scaling
Default interpolation
When you scale something, each pixel in the result is
calculated by interpolating several pixels in the source.
This option determines the default interpolation method:
it can always be changed, though, in the Tool Options
dialog. There are three choices: None, Linear, and
Cubic. "None" is fastest, but quite crude: you should
only consider using it if your machine is very seriously
speed-impaired. "Linear" is the default, and is good
enough for most purposes. "Cubic" is the best (although
it can actually look worse than Linear for some types of
images), but also the slowest.
Paint Options Shared Between Tools
Brush, Pattern, Gradient
You can decide here whether changing the brush etc for one
tool should cause the new item to be used for all tools,
or whether each individual tool (pencil, paintbrush,
airbrush, etc) should remember the item that was last used
for it specifically.
5.2.8.
Toolbox
Figure 9.56.
Toolbox Preferences
5.2.8.1. Options
Figure 9.57.
Default Toolbox appearance
This page lets you customize the appearance of the Toolbox, by
deciding whether the three "context information" areas should be
shown at the bottom.
Appearance
Show foreground and background color
Controls whether the color area on the left (3) appears in the
Toolbox.
Show active brush, pattern, and gradient
Controls whether the area in the center (4), with the brush,
pattern, and gradient icons, appears in the
Toolbox.
Show active image
Controls whether a preview of the currently active image
appears on the right (5).
5.2.9.
Image Windows
Figure 9.58.
General Image Window Preference
This page lets you customize several aspects of the behaviour of
image windows.
5.2.9.1. Options
General
Use "Dot for dot" by default
Using "Dot for dot" means that at 1:1 zoom, each pixel is
the image is scaled to one pixel on the display. If "Dot
for dot" is not used, then the displayed image size is
determined by the X and Y resolution of the image. See
the Scale Image
section for more information.
Marching ants speed
When you create a selection, the edge of it is shown as
a dashed line with dashes that appear to move, marching
slowly along the boundary: they are jokingly called
"marching ants". The smaller the value entered here, the
faster the ants march (and consequently the more distracting
they are!).
Zoom and Resize Behavior
Resize window on zoom
If this option is checked, then each time you zoom the
image, the image window will automatically resize to
follow it. Otherwise, the image window will maintain the
same size when you zoom the image.
Resize window on image size change
If this option is checked, then each time change the size
of the image, by cropping or resizing it,
the image window will automatically resize to
follow. Otherwise, the image window will maintain the
same size.
Initial zoom ratio
You can choose either to have images, when they are first
opened, scaled so that the whole image fits comfortably on
your display, or else shown at 1:1 zoom. If you choose
the second option, and the image is too large to fit on
your display, then the image window will show only
part of it (but you will be able to scroll to other
parts).
Mouse Cursors
Show brush outline
If this option is checked, then when you use a paint tool,
the outline of the brush will be shown on the image as you
move the pointer around. On slow systems, if the brush is
very large, this could occasionally cause some lag in
GIMP's ability to follow your movements: if so, switching
this off might help. Otherwise, you will probably find it
quite useful.
Show paint tool cursor
If this is checked, a cursor will be shown. This is in
addition to the brush outline, if the brush outline is
being shown. The type of cursor is determined by the next
option.
Cursor mode
This option has no effect unless "Show paint tool cursor"
is checked. If it is, you have three choices: "Tool
icon", which causes a small iconic representation of the
currently active tool to be shown beside the cursor; "Tool
icon with crosshair", which shows the icon as well as a
crosshair indicating the center of the cursor; or
"Crosshair only".
Cursor rendering
If you choose "Fancy" here, the cursor is drawn in
grayscale. If you choose "Black and White", it is drawn
in a simpler way that may speed things up a little bit if
you have speed issues.
5.2.10.
Image Window Appearance
Figure 9.59.
Image Window Appearance Defaults
This page lets you customize the default appearance of image
windows, for normal mode and for fullscreen mode. All of the
settings here can be altered on an image-specific basis using
entries in the View menu. See the Image Window
section for information on the meaning of the entries.
The only parts that may need further explanation are the ones
related to padding. "Padding" is the color shown around the edges
of the image, if it does not occupy all of the display area (shown
in light gray in all the figures here). You can choose among four
colors for the padding color: to use the color specified by the
current theme; to use the light or dark colors specified for
checks, such as represent transparent parts of the image; or to
use a custom color, which can be set using the color button for
"Custom padding color".
5.2.11.
Image Window Title and Statusbar
Figure 9.60.
Image Window Title and Statusbar formats
This page lets you customize the text that appears in two
places: the title bar of an image, and the status bar. The
title bar should appear above the image; however this depends
on cooperation from the window manager, so it is not
guaranteed to work in all cases. The statusbar appears
underneath the image, on the right side. See the Image Window
section for more information.
5.2.11.1. Choosing a Format
You can choose among several predesigned formats, or you can
create one of your own, by writing a format
string in the entry area. Here is how to understand
a format string: anything you type is shown exactly as you type
it, with the exception of variables, whose
names all begin with "%". Here is a list of the variables you
can use:
Variable
Meaning
%f
Bare filename of the image, or "Untitled"
%F
Full path to file, or "Untitled"
%p
Image id number (this is unique)
%i
View number, if an image has more than one display
%t
Image type (RGB, grayscale, indexed)
%z
Zoom factor as a percentage
%s
Source scale factor (zoom level = %d/%s)
%d
Destination scale factor (zoom level = %d/%s)
%Dx
Expands to x if the image is dirty, nothing otherwise
%Cx
Expands to x if the image is clean, nothing otherwise
%l
The number of layers
%L
Number of layers (long form)
%m
Memory used by the image
%n
Name of the active layer/channel
%P
id of the active layer/channel
%w
Image width in pixels
%W
Image width in real-world units
%h
Image height in pixels
%H
Image height in real-world units
%u
Unit symbol (eg. px for Pixel)
%U
Unit abbreviation
%%
A literal "%" symbol
5.2.12.
Display
Figure 9.61.
Display Preferences
This page lets you customize the way transparent parts of an image
are represented, and lets you recalibrate the resolution of your
monitor.
5.2.12.1. Options
Transparency
Transparency type
By default, GIMP indicates transparency using a
checkerboard pattern with mid-tone checks, but you can
change this if you want, either to a different type of
checkerboard, or to solid black, white, or gray.
Check size
Here you can alter the size of the squares in the
checkerboard pattern used to indicate transparency.
Figure 9.62.
The Calibration dialog
Monitor Resolution
Monitor Resolution is the ratio of pixels, horizontally and
vertically, to inches. You have three ways to proceed here:
Get Resolution from windowing system. (easiest, probably
inaccurate).
Set Manually
Push the Calibrate Button.
The Calibrate Dialog
My monitor was impressively off when I tried the Calibrate
Dialog. The "Calibrate Game" is fun to play. You will need a
soft ruler.
5.2.13.
Window Managment
Revision History
Revision $Revision: 1.20 $
2006-02-25
romanofski
Figure 9.63.
Window Management Preferences
This page lets you customize the way windows are handled in GIMP. You
should note that GIMP does not manipulate windows directly, instead it
sends requests to the window manager (i. e., to Windows if you are running
in Windows; to Metacity if you are running in a standard Gnome setup in
Linux; etc). Because there are many window managers, and not all of them
are well behaved, it cannot be guaranteed that the functions described
here will actually work as described. However, if you are using a modern,
standards-compliant window manager, they ought to.
5.2.13.1. Options
Window Manager Hints
Envois pour la boite d'outils et les fenêtres attachables
The choices you make here determine how the Toolbox, and the
docks that hold dialogs, will be treated. If you choose
"Normal Window", they will be treated like any other
windows. If you choose "Utility Window", they will be
raised into visibility whenever you activate an image
window, and kept in front of every image window. If you
choose "Keep above", they will be kept in front of every
other window at all times. Note that changes you make here
will not take effect until the next time you start GIMP.
Focus
Activate the focused image
Normally, when you focus an image window (usually indicated by a
change in the color of the frame), it becomes the "active image"
for GIMP, and therefore the target for any image-related actions
you perform. Some people, though, prefer to set up their window
managers such that any window entered by the pointer is
automatically focused. If you do this, you may find that it is
inconvenient for focused images to automatically become active,
and may be happier if you uncheck this option.
Window Positions
Save window positions on exit
If this option is checked, the next time you start GIMP,
you will see the same set of dialog windows, in the same
positions they occupied when you last exited.
Save Window Positions Now
This button is only useful if "Save window positions on
exit" is unchecked. It allows you to set up your windows
they way you like, click the button, and then have them
come up in that arrangement each time you start GIMP.
Reset Saved Window Positions to Default Values
If you decide that you are unhappy with the arrangement of
windows you have saved, and would rather go back to the
default arrangement than spend time moving them around,
you can do so by pressing this button.
5.2.14.
Environment
Figure 9.64.
Environment Preferences
This page lets you customize the amount of system memory allocated
for various purposes. It also allows you to disable the confirmation
dialogs that appear when you close unsaved images, and to set the
size of thumbnail files that GIMP produces.
5.2.14.1. Options
Resource Consumption
Minimal number of undo levels
GIMP allows you to undo most actions by maintaining an "Undo
History" for each image, for which a certain amount of
memory is allocated. Regardless of memory usage, however,
GIMP always permits some minimal number of the most recent
actions to be undone: this is the number specified here.
See Undoing for more
information about GIMP's Undo mechanism.
Maximum undo memory
This is the amount of undo memory allocated for each image.
If the Undo History size exceeds this, the oldest points are
deleted, unless this would result in fewer points being
present than the minimal number specified above.
Tile cache size
This is the amount of system RAM allocated for GIMP image
data. If GIMP requires more memory than this, it begins to
swap to disk, which may in some circumstances cause a
dramatic slowdown. You are given an opportunity to set this
number when you install GIMP, but you can alter it here. See
How to Set Your
Tile Cache for more information.
Maximum new image size
This is not a hard contraint: if you try to create a new
image larger than the specified size, you are asked to
confirm that you really want to do it. This is to prevent
you from accidentally creating images much larger than you
intend, which can either crash GIMP or cause it to respond
verrrrrrrry slowwwwwwwwly.
Image Thumbnails
Size of thumbnails
This options allows you to set the size of the thumbnails
shown in the File Open dialog (and also saved for possible
use by other programs). The options are "None",
"Normal (128x128)", and "Large (256x256)".
Maximum filesize for thumbnailing
If an image file is larger than the specified maximum size,
GIMP will not generate a thumbnail for it. This options
allows you to prevent thumbnailing of extremely large
image files from slowing GIMP to a crawl.
Saving Images
Confirm closing of unsaved images
Closing an image is not undoable, so by default GIMP asks
you to confirm that you really want to do it, whenever it
would lead to a loss of unsaved changes. You can disable
this if you find it annoying; but then of course you are
responsible for remembering what you have and have not
saved.
5.2.15.
Folders
Figure 9.65.
Basic Folder Preferences
This page allows you to set the locations for two important
folders used by GIMP for temporary files. The pages below it
allow you to customize the locations searched for resources such
as brushes etc.; see Data
Folders for a description that applies to them. You
can change the folders here by editing the entries, or by pressing
the buttons on the right to bring up a file chooser window.
Folders
Temp folder
This folder is used for temporary files: files created for
temporary storage of working data, and then deleted within
the same GIMP session. It does not require a lot of space
or high performance. By default, a subdirectory called
tmp in your personal GIMP directory is
used, but if that disk is very cramped for space, or has
serious performance issues, you can change it to a different
directory. The directory must exist and be writable by
you, or bad things will happen.
Swap folder
This is the folder used as a "memory bank" when the total
size of images and data open in GIMP exceeds the available
RAM. If you work with very large images, or images with
many layers, or have many images open at once, GIMP can
potentially require hundreds of megabytes of swap space, so
available disk space and performance are definitely things
to think about for this folder. By default, it is set to
your personal GIMP directory, but if you have another disk
with more free space, or substantially better performance,
you may see a significant benefit from moving your swap
folder there. The directory must exist and be writable by
you.
5.2.16.
Data Folders
Figure 9.66.
Preferences: Brush Folders
GIMP uses several types of resources – such as brushes, patterns,
gradients, etc. – for which a basic set are supplied by GIMP when
it is installed, and others can be created or downloaded by the
user. For each such resource type, there is a Preference page
that allows you to specify the search path:
the set of directories from which items of the type in question
are automatically loaded when GIMP starts. These pages all look
very much the same: the page for brushes is shown to the right as
an example.
By default, the search path includes two folders: a
system folder, where items installed along
with GIMP are placed, and a personal folder,
inside your personal GIMP directory, where items added by you
should be placed. The system folder should not be marked as
writable, and you should not try to alter its contents. The
personal folder must be marked as writable or it is useless,
because there is nothing inside it except what you put there.
You can customize the search path with the buttons at the top of
the dialog.
Options
Select a Folder
If you click on one of the folders in the list, it is
selected for whatever action comes next.
Add/Replace Folder
If you type the name of a folder in the entry space, or
navigate to it using the file chooser button on the right,
and then click the left button, this will replace the
selected folder with the one you have specified. If nothing
in the list is selected, the folder you specify will be
added to the list. If the light-symbol to the left of the
text entry area is red instead of green, it means that the
folder you have specified does not exist. GIMP will not
create it for you, so you should do this immediately.
Move Up/Down
If you click on the up-arrow or down-arrow buttons, the
selected folder will be changed to the following or
preceding one in the list.
Delete Folder
If you click the trash-can button, the selected folder will
be deleted from the list. (The folder itself is not
affected; it is merely removed from the search path.)
Deleting the system folder is probably a bad idea, but
nothing prevents you from doing it.