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Name

Synopsis

Description

Like filters, backends must be capable of reading from a filename on the command-line or from the standard input, copying the standard input to a temporary file as required by the physical interface.

The command name (argv[0]) is set to the device URI of the destination printer. Starting with CUPS 1.1.22, any authentication information in argv[0] is removed, so backend developers are urged to use the DEVICE_URI environment variable whenever authentication information is required. The CUPS API includes a cupsBackendDeviceURI function for retrieving the correct device URI.

Back-channel data from the device should be relayed to the job filters by writing to file descriptor 3. The CUPS API includes the cupsBackChannelWrite function for this purpose.

Device Discovery

    device-class scheme "Unknown" "device-info"
    device-class device-uri "device-make-and-model" "device-info"
    device-class device-uri "device-make-and-model" "device-info" "device-id"

The device-class field is one of the following values:

direct

The device-uri refers to a specific direct-access device with no options, such as a parallel, USB, or SCSI device.

file

The device-uri refers to a file on disk.

network

The device-uri refers to a networked device and conforms to the general form for network URIs.

serial

The device-uri refers to a serial device with configurable baud rate and other options. If the device-uri contains a baud value, it represents the maximum baud rate supported by the device.

The scheme field provides the URI scheme that is supported by the backend. Backends should use this form only when the backend supports any URI using that scheme. The device-uri field specifies the full URI to use when communicating with the device.

The device-make-and-model field specifies the make and model of the device, e.g. "Acme Foojet 2000". If the make and model is not known, you must report "Unknown".

The device-info field specifies additional information about the device. Typically this includes the make and model along with the port number or network address, e.g. "Acme Foojet 2000 USB #1".

The optional device-id field specifies the IEEE-1284 device ID string for the device, which is used to select a matching driver.

Permissions

Exit Codes

0 (CUPS_BACKEND_OK)

The print file was successfully transmitted to the device or remote server.

1 (CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED)

The print file was not successfully transmitted to the device or remote server. The scheduler will respond to this by canceling the job, retrying the job, or stopping the queue depending on the state of the error-policy attribute.

2 (CUPS_BACKEND_AUTH_REQUIRED)

The print file was not successfully transmitted because valid authentication information is required. The scheduler will respond to this by holding the job and adding the authentication-required job-reasons keyword.

3 (CUPS_BACKEND_HOLD)

The print file was not successfully transmitted because it cannot be printed at this time. The scheduler will respond to this by holding the job.

4 (CUPS_BACKEND_STOP)

The print file was not successfully transmitted because it cannot be printed at this time. The scheduler will respond to this by stopping the queue.

5 (CUPS_BACKEND_CANCEL)

The print file was not successfully transmitted because one or more attributes are not supported. The scheduler will respond to this by canceling the job.

All other exit code values are reserved.

See Also

Copyright